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Article #199: History of Chinese Oriental Pottery and Porcelain

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Many people do not know from where the undisturbed tombs, has enabled students
oriental pottery and porcelain were first to gain an idea of the wares of the Han
made, what are their origins. China, dynasty.
Korea and Japan are the countries that These mortuary pieces show that a green
made oriental pottery and porcelain. They glaze containing lead was commonly in
are similar to each other in their use, and that decoration, where present,
designs and styles of ware. This consisted of painting in unfixed colors,
similarity creates some confusion for the or of attractive incised patterns. It is
experts and beginners to identify them argued that the tomb wares, intended for
properly. And they were marked. Many the use of the deceased in a future life,
dynasties and emperors of old China were made perfunctorily, and that the
encouraged the potters. hitherto-unidentified domestic pieces
ORIENTAL pottery and porcelain was made must have been of better workmanship and
principally in China, Korea and Japan. of a higher artistic quality.
The wares made in these countries, and in Then followed a gap of four centuries
those bordering on the first two, during which no appreciable advances were
resemble each other superficially, and made, but the years lost in strife and
both beginner and expert suffer artistic stagnation were amply made up
confusion. A proportion of the old wares for by the brilliance of the Tang
was marked, usually under the base of the dynasty. The large tomb figures of horses
article and in under glaze blue, but just and camels, splashed with glazes of
as the shapes and colors of earlier orange-brown and green are among the
periods were imitated in succeeding best-known objects made at the time.
centuries, so were the marks. Time and interment have given the glaze a
China silvery iridescence that lends an added
Many people talk about, and others wonder attraction. Dishes and other pieces of
about, the dynasties and emperors of old the period are less familiar to many, but
China. It is as well, therefore, to are artistically important in many
preface this section with a list of those instances. Stoneware was brought a stage
most likely to be of use: further forward by giving it a white
Dynasties Emperors body, and the pieces known as Yueh
Chou About 1122 to 249 B.C. (abbreviated from Yueh Chou, a district
Han 206 B.C. to A.D. 220 in Chekiang province where they were
T'ang 618 to A.D. 906 made) with their fine celadon glaze, were
Sung 960 to 1279 produced.
Ming 1368 to 1644 In the succeeding Sung dynasty, many
Hsuan Te 1426 to 1435 further styles were introduced and older
Ch'engHua 1465 to 1487 ones developed. Carved and incised
Wan Li 1573 to 1619 designs are found, and pale-colored
Ch'ing 1644 to 1912 glazes of great beauty were used
K'ang Hsi 1662 to 1722 alongside the popular celadon green,
Yung Cheng 1723 to 1735 which is found on pieces, exported to the
Ch'ienLung 1736 to 1795 Near East countries. All these delicately
Chia Ch'ing 1796 to 1820 modeled and colored wares were copied in
TaoKuang 1821 to 1850 later Ming times, but apart from
From before 200 B.C. little pottery has differences in finishing, the early
survived. The custom of burying pottery pieces were made of stoneware and the
vessels and figures with the body of a later of true porcelain.
dead person, and the reopening of






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